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How to Install Docker on Ubuntu 20.04

Docker is an application that simplifies the process of managing application processes in containers. Containers let you run your applications in resource-isolated processes. with this article, I will show you how to install docker on ubuntu. They’re similar to virtual machines, but containers are more portable, more resource-friendly, and more dependent on the host operating system.

This simple tutorial will show you how to download Docker, enable or disable Docker upon system reboot/startup, and change usage permissions for users in six easy steps.

Update APT

sudo apt update -y && sudo apt upgrade -y

Download and Install Docker

Enter on container host setup the following command to download and install the Docker package.

$ sudo apt install docker.io

Launch Docker

$ sudo systemctl enable --now docker

To disable it again, just following command.

$ sudo systemctl disable --now docker

Set User Privileges

This step will show you how to give privileges to any user with Docker. In this tutorial I will use “devninja” user account what are giving permission.

sudo usermod -aG docker devninja

Check Docker Version

You can check the version of Docker with the command

$ docker --version

Using the Docker Command

docker [option] [command] [arguments]
Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/home/harz/.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/home/harz/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/home/harz/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/home/harz/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  builder     Manage builds
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  image       Manage images
  manifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

To get more help with docker, check out our guides at https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/

To view the options available to a specific command, type:

docker docker-subcommand --help

To view system-wide information about Docker, use:

docker info

you can search for images available on Docker Hub by using the docker command with the search subcommand. For example, to search for the Ubuntu image, type:

docker search ubuntu

the output will be similar to this:

Output
NAME                                                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
ubuntu                                                    Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   10908               [OK]
dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc                            Docker image to provide HTML5 VNC interface …   428                                     [OK]
rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd                                    Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi…   244                                     [OK]
consol/ubuntu-xfce-vnc                                    Ubuntu container with "headless" VNC session…   218                                     [OK]
ubuntu-upstart                                            Upstart is an event-based replacement for th…   108                 [OK]
ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible                               Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with 
...

Execute the following command to download the official ubuntu image to your server/computer:

docker pull ubuntu

output will

Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
d51af753c3d3: Pull complete
fc878cd0a91c: Pull complete
6154df8ff988: Pull complete
fee5db0ff82f: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:747d2dbbaaee995098c9792d99bd333c6783ce56150d1b11e333bbceed5c54d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest

Test Docker

Test Docker by running the following command, which will open a container to run the Hello World command.

$ docker run hello-world

Troubleshooting

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF

Note: overlay2 is the preferred storage driver for systems running Linux kernel version 4.0 or higher, or RHEL or CentOS using version 3.10.0-514 and above.

Conclusion

In this tutorial you install how to install docker on ubuntu basically, if you get any issue you can comment on this post 🙂

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DevNinja
System & Network Administrator Ninja
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